.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.gif)
.jpg)
Evaluation of Risk Factors of Hip Fractures; A Retrospective Study
Keywords:
Hip fracture, elderly persons, health problemAbstract
Back ground: Hip fractures are breaks in the neck and intertrochanteric region. These are serious injuries that most often occur in elderly persons and create a major social, psychological, economical and public health problem in this old age. Most hip fractures require surgery, hospitalization, and extended rehabilitation. This puts lot of economical and social burden on the public and government sectors.
Objectives: To assess the risk factors of hip fractures among the patients of all age groups presenting for cognitive assistance.
Methods: This study was conducted among the patients admitted in Orthopaedic Department of Sheikh Zayed Medical College Rahim Yar khan. All the patients regardless of age, sex and educational level admitted with hip fractures during the period of January 2013 to December 2013 were included in the study.
Results: There were 133 patients admitted with hip injuries. Among these 133 patients that were admitted with hip fractures, there were 45(33.8%) female and 88(66.2%) male, the mean age of the patients was 50.64 years and the Standard Deviation was 19.94 years. The lower limit of age was 3 years and upper limit was 100 years. The majority of the patients 63.91% were in between the age group of 40 to 80 years.
Conclusion: The hip fractures increases as the age advances. This temporal rise can be reduced with nutritional supplements for the prevention of osteoporosis. The prevention of osteoporoses will reduce the hip fractures that will ultimately alleviate the disability and burden of the disease.
Key Words: Hip fracture, elderly persons, health problem
References
2.FosterKW. Hip fracture in adults; literature review current through Aug 2014.
3.Beaty JH. Fractures of the hip in children. Orthop Clin North Am 2006; 37:223.
4.McCarthy J, Noonan K. Fractures and traumatic dislocations of the hip in children. In: Rockwood and Wilkins' Fractures in Children, 7th, Beaty JH, Kasser J. (Eds), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia 2010. p.769.
5.LeBlane KE, Muncie Jr. HL, Leblanc LL. Hip fracture: Diagnosis, Treatment and Secondary Preventure. J American Family Physicians. Vol 89. Number 12, June 15, 2014.
6.Kannus P, Parkkari J, Niemi S,et.al. Prevention of hip fractrue in elderly people with use of hip protector; N Eng J Med; 2000;343.1506-1513.
7.Waure CD, Spechia Ml, Cadeddu C,et.al: Prevention of post menopausal osteoprotic fractures: Results of the health Technology assesment of a new antiosteoprotic drug.Biomed Research international: Vol 2014 (2014) article ID 975927,16 pages.
8.Mannstadt, M, Lin AE, andLe,LP,. A 27-Year-Old Man with Severe Osteoporosis and Multiple Bone Fractures;NEnglJMed2014;371:465-472July31,2014.
9.Johnell O, Kanis JA (2006) An estimate of the world-wide prevalence and disability associated with osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int 17:1726–1733.
10.Kanis JA on behalf of the World Health Organization ScientificGroup (2008) Assessment of osteoporosis at the primary healthcarelevel. Technical Report. WHO Collaborating Centre, Universityof Sheffield, UK. Available at http://www.shef.ac.uk/FRAX/index.htm
11.Oden A,Dawson A,Dere W,Johnell O,Jonsson B,Kanis JA. Lifetime risk of hip fractures is underestimated; Osteoporos Int.1998;8(6):599-603.
12.Brennan SL, Henry MJ, KotowiczMA, et al. Incident hip fracture and social disadvantage in an Australian population aged 50 years or greater. Bone 2011; 48:607.
13.Quah C, Boulton C, Moran C. The influence of socioeconomic status on the incidence, outcome and mortality of fractures of the hip. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2011; 93:801.
14.Guilley E, Herrmann F, Rapin CH, et al. Socioeconomic and living conditions are determinants of hip fracture incidence and age occurrence among community-dwelling elderly. Osteoporos Int 2011; 22:647.
15.Sennerby U, Melhus H,Gedeborg R, et al. Cardiovascular diseases and risk of hip fracture. JAMA 2009; 302:1666.
16.DhanwalDK,DennisonEM,HarveyNCandCooperC:Epidemiology of hip fracture: Worldwide geographic variation. Indian J Orthop. 2011 Jan-Mar; 45(1): 15–22.
17.Cheng SY, Levy AR, Lefaivre KA, Guy P, Kuramoto L, Sobolev B(2011) Geographic trends in incidence of hip fractures: a comprehensiveliterature review. Osteoporos Int 22:2575–2586.
18.Lynda A. Frassetto,Karen M. Todd, R. Curtis Morris, Jr., and Anthony Sebastian Worldwide Incidence of Hip Fracture in Elderly Women: Relation to Consumption of Animal and Vegetable Foods. Journal of Gerontology: 2000, Vol. 55A, No. 10, 585–592.
19.Cassim B. Recommendations forthe acute and long-term Medical management of low-trauma hip fractures. J Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa 2013;18(1):21-32.
20.Moyer VA. Prevention of Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force RecommendationStatement. Annals of Internal Medicine 2012;157(3):197–204.
21.Gillespie LD, Robertson MC, Gillespie WJ, Lamb SE, Gates S, Cumming RG, Rowe BH. Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD007146. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007146.pub2
.22.SaebM,BeyranvandM,BasiriZ,andHaghparast-BidgoliH. The hospital resource utilization associatedwith osteoporotic hip fractures in Kermanshah, IranJ Inj Violence Res. Jan 2014; 6(1): 16–20.
23.PauyoT,DragerJ,AlbersA, andHarveyEJ. Management of femoral neck fractures in the young patient: A critical analysis reviewWorld J Orthop. Jul 18, 2014; 5(3): 204–217.
