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A Radiological Study on Cervical Rib and Associated Chest Wall Anomalies
Abstract
Objective: To reveal the association of cervical rib with chest wall anomalies.
Methods: Observational study conducted at the private radiology clinics Rawalpindi & Islamabad from January 2015 to December 2017, which included Patients coming for X-RAY chest. The patients were selected through convenience sampling. Radiographs were discussed with a consultant radiologist to diagnose the cervical rib and associated anomalies of sternum and rib cage. The age groups were from one to thirty-five years.
Results: The study comprises one hundred and fifty patients. Fifty-eight ere female and ninety-two were male patients. The ages of patients were between 10-35 years. The cervical rib was detected in 8.69% male patients and 5.17% female patients. Bifid ribs, Diaphyseal aclasis, fused ribs and Rachitic rosary was found in 1.008% of the cases. No sternal anomaly was detected.
Conclusion: Association of Rib anomalies with cervical rib is more common as compared to sternal and vertebral anomalies.
References
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2. Wise R. Seventh cervical rib associated with subclavian artery occlusion and multiple infarcts: case report. J Neurosci Nurs. 2008 Jun;40(3):169-72.
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4. Merks JHM, Smets AM, Van Rijn RR, Kobes J, Caron HN, Maas M. et al. Prevalence of rib anomalies in normal Caucasian children and childhood cancer patients. Eur J Med Gen 2005 Apr-Jun;48:113-29.
5. Plaza Aulestia N, Rodríguez Montero S, Velloso Feijoo ML. Double cervical rib: A case report. Reumatol Clin. 2017 Jul;31. pii: S1699-258X(17)30175-4.
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7. Kamano H, Ishihama T, Ishihama H, Kubota Y, Tanaka T, Satoh K. Bifid intrathoracic rib: A case report and classification of intrathoracic ribs. Intern Med 2006;45:627-30.
8. Chang KZ, Likes K, Davis K, Demos J, Freischlag JA. The significance of cervical ribs in thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2013 Mar;57(3):771.
9. Samarasam I, Sadhu D, Agarwal S, Nayak S. Surgical management of thoracic outlet syndrome: a 10-year experience. ANZ J Surg. 2004 Jun;74:450–4.
10. Sanders RJ, Hammond SL, Rao NM. Diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2007 Sep;46:601–4.
11. Pollack EW. Surgical anatomy of the thoracic outlet syndrome. Surg. Gynecol Obstet. 1980 Jan;150:97–103.
12. Khan A, Rattihalli RR, Hussain N. Bilateral thoracic outlet syndrome: An uncommon presentation of a rare condition in children. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 12. 2012 Oct;15(4):323-5. doi: 10.4103/0972-2327.104349.
13. Yekeler E, Tunaci M, Tunaci A, Dursun M, Acunas G. Frequency of sternal variations and anomalies evaluated by MDCT.AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006 13. Apr;186(4):956-60.
14. Verna E, Piercecchi-Marti MD, Chaumoitre K, Bartoli C, Leonetti G, Adalian P Discrete traits of the sternum and ribs: a useful contribution to identification in forensic anthropology and medicine. J Forensic Sci. 2013 May;58(3):571-7.
15. Yekeler E, Tunaci M, Tunaci A, Dursun M, Acunas G. Frequency of sternal variations and anomalies evaluated by MDCT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006 15. Apr;186(4):956-60.
16. El-Busaid H, Kaisha W, Hassanali J, Hassan S, Ogeng'o J, Mandela P. Sternal foramina and variant xiphoid morphology in a Kenyan population. Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2012 Feb;71(1):19-2.
17. Macaluso PJ Jr, Lucena J. Estimation of sex from sternal dimensions derived from chest plate radiographs in contemporary Spaniards. Int J Legal Med. 2014 Mar;128(2):389-95.
18. Kjaer I, Fischer-Hansen B. Cervical ribs in fetuses with Ullrich-Turner syndrome. Am J Med Genet 1997;71:219– 221. 5.
19. Rushton DI, Faed MJW, Richards SEM, Bain AD. The fetal manifestations of the 45XO karyotype. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Cwlth 1969;76:266–272.
20. Chandrakanth HV, Kanchan T, Krishan K, Arun M, Pramod Kumar GN. Estimation of age from human sternum: an autopsy study on a sample from South India.Int J Legal Med. 2012 Nov;126(6):863-8.
21. Weaver AA, Nguyen CM, Schoell SL, Maldjian JA, Stitzel JD mage segmentation and registration algorithm to collect thoracic skeleton semiland 21. marks for characterization of age and sex-based thoracic morphology variation.Comput Biol Med. 2015 Dec 1;67:41-8.
22. Ramadan SU, Türkmen N, Dolgun NA, Gökharman D, Menezes RG, Kacar M, Ko?ar U. Sex determination from measurements of the sternum and fourth rib using multi slice computed tomography of the chest. Forensic Sci Int. 2010 Apr 22. 15;197(1-3):120.
23. Rajakumar M. Vitamin D, Cod – Liver Oil, Sunlight, and Rickets: A historical Perspective. Pediatrics 2003;112(2):el32-el35 4.
24. Tsirikos AI, Ramachandran M, Lee J, Saifuddin Assessment of vertebral scalloping in 24. neurofibromatosis type 1 with plain radiography and MRI A. Clin Radiol. 2004; 59(11):1009-17.
2. Wise R. Seventh cervical rib associated with subclavian artery occlusion and multiple infarcts: case report. J Neurosci Nurs. 2008 Jun;40(3):169-72.
3. Morbidelli A, Miani S, Bortolani E. Complete cervical rib. Possible neurovascular implications of the upper limb. Minerva Chir. 1989 Apr 3. 15;44(7):1167-72.
4. Merks JHM, Smets AM, Van Rijn RR, Kobes J, Caron HN, Maas M. et al. Prevalence of rib anomalies in normal Caucasian children and childhood cancer patients. Eur J Med Gen 2005 Apr-Jun;48:113-29.
5. Plaza Aulestia N, Rodríguez Montero S, Velloso Feijoo ML. Double cervical rib: A case report. Reumatol Clin. 2017 Jul;31. pii: S1699-258X(17)30175-4.
6. Song WC, Kim SH, Park DK, Koh KS. Bifid rib: anatomical considerations in three cases. Yonsei Med J 2009 Apr;50: 300-3.
7. Kamano H, Ishihama T, Ishihama H, Kubota Y, Tanaka T, Satoh K. Bifid intrathoracic rib: A case report and classification of intrathoracic ribs. Intern Med 2006;45:627-30.
8. Chang KZ, Likes K, Davis K, Demos J, Freischlag JA. The significance of cervical ribs in thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2013 Mar;57(3):771.
9. Samarasam I, Sadhu D, Agarwal S, Nayak S. Surgical management of thoracic outlet syndrome: a 10-year experience. ANZ J Surg. 2004 Jun;74:450–4.
10. Sanders RJ, Hammond SL, Rao NM. Diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2007 Sep;46:601–4.
11. Pollack EW. Surgical anatomy of the thoracic outlet syndrome. Surg. Gynecol Obstet. 1980 Jan;150:97–103.
12. Khan A, Rattihalli RR, Hussain N. Bilateral thoracic outlet syndrome: An uncommon presentation of a rare condition in children. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 12. 2012 Oct;15(4):323-5. doi: 10.4103/0972-2327.104349.
13. Yekeler E, Tunaci M, Tunaci A, Dursun M, Acunas G. Frequency of sternal variations and anomalies evaluated by MDCT.AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006 13. Apr;186(4):956-60.
14. Verna E, Piercecchi-Marti MD, Chaumoitre K, Bartoli C, Leonetti G, Adalian P Discrete traits of the sternum and ribs: a useful contribution to identification in forensic anthropology and medicine. J Forensic Sci. 2013 May;58(3):571-7.
15. Yekeler E, Tunaci M, Tunaci A, Dursun M, Acunas G. Frequency of sternal variations and anomalies evaluated by MDCT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006 15. Apr;186(4):956-60.
16. El-Busaid H, Kaisha W, Hassanali J, Hassan S, Ogeng'o J, Mandela P. Sternal foramina and variant xiphoid morphology in a Kenyan population. Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2012 Feb;71(1):19-2.
17. Macaluso PJ Jr, Lucena J. Estimation of sex from sternal dimensions derived from chest plate radiographs in contemporary Spaniards. Int J Legal Med. 2014 Mar;128(2):389-95.
18. Kjaer I, Fischer-Hansen B. Cervical ribs in fetuses with Ullrich-Turner syndrome. Am J Med Genet 1997;71:219– 221. 5.
19. Rushton DI, Faed MJW, Richards SEM, Bain AD. The fetal manifestations of the 45XO karyotype. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Cwlth 1969;76:266–272.
20. Chandrakanth HV, Kanchan T, Krishan K, Arun M, Pramod Kumar GN. Estimation of age from human sternum: an autopsy study on a sample from South India.Int J Legal Med. 2012 Nov;126(6):863-8.
21. Weaver AA, Nguyen CM, Schoell SL, Maldjian JA, Stitzel JD mage segmentation and registration algorithm to collect thoracic skeleton semiland 21. marks for characterization of age and sex-based thoracic morphology variation.Comput Biol Med. 2015 Dec 1;67:41-8.
22. Ramadan SU, Türkmen N, Dolgun NA, Gökharman D, Menezes RG, Kacar M, Ko?ar U. Sex determination from measurements of the sternum and fourth rib using multi slice computed tomography of the chest. Forensic Sci Int. 2010 Apr 22. 15;197(1-3):120.
23. Rajakumar M. Vitamin D, Cod – Liver Oil, Sunlight, and Rickets: A historical Perspective. Pediatrics 2003;112(2):el32-el35 4.
24. Tsirikos AI, Ramachandran M, Lee J, Saifuddin Assessment of vertebral scalloping in 24. neurofibromatosis type 1 with plain radiography and MRI A. Clin Radiol. 2004; 59(11):1009-17.
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Published
2018-08-15
How to Cite
Iqbal, K., Rehman, I.- ur-., & Asif, S. (2018). A Radiological Study on Cervical Rib and Associated Chest Wall Anomalies. Journal of Pakistan Orthopaedic Association, 30(02), 71–74. Retrieved from http://jpoa.org.pk/index.php/upload/article/view/209
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