COVID-19 and Practice of Orthopaedic Surgery: Pakistan Perspective.
Keywords:
COVID-19, Coronavirus disease, Orthopaedic, PandemicAbstract
The Global pandemic of COVID-19 has affected the health care system worldwide. Hospitals in Pakistan are getting overcrowded with COVID-19 patients and healthcare workers are getting infected with virus in increased numbers leading to shortage of hospital workforce. Orthopedic practice needs to be adjusted accordingly to maintain safety of health care workers and conserve hospital resources while maintaining continuity of care to patients with musculoskeletal problems. This article discusses the challenges to Orthopaedic practice in Pakistan in this pandemic and their solutions that may also apply to other specialties.
References
Liu NN, Tan JC, Li J, Li S, Cai Y, Wang H. Covid-19 pandemic: Experiences in china and implications for its prevention and treatment worldwide. Current Cancer Drug Targets. 2020;20(6):410-6.
Waris A, Khan AU, Ali M, Ali A, Baset A. COVID-19 outbreak: current scenario of Pakistan. New Microbes and New Infections. 2020 Apr 14:100681. doi: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100681.
Vaccaro AR, Getz CL, Cohen BE, Cole BJ, Donnally III CJ. Practice management during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2020. 28(11):464-470.
Jain VK, Vaishya R. COVID-19 and Orthopaedic surgeons: The Indian scenario. Tropical Doctor. 2020;50(2):108-10.
Liang ZC, Wang W, Murphy D, Hui JH. Novel coronavirus and orthopaedic surgery: Early experiences from Singapore. J Bon Joint Surg.2020;102(9):745-749.
Pradhan NM, Acharya BM, Devkota P, Gyawali B, Bhatta TR, Pokhrel PM, et al. Orthopaedic services during COVID-19 lockdown at Patan Hospital, Nepal. Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences.2020;7(1):19-24.
Ali A, Ahmed M, Hassan N. Socioeconomic impact of COVID?19 pandemic: Evidence from rural mountain community in Pakistan. Journal of Public Affairs. 2020 Aug 4:e2355. doi: 10.1002/pa.2355 [Epub ahead of print]
Khalid A, Ali S. COVID-19 and its Challenges for the Healthcare System in Pakistan. Asian Bioethics Review. 2020;12(4):551-64.
Hashmi PM, Zahid M, Ali A, Naqi H, Pidani AS, Hashmi AP, et al. Change in the spectrum of orthopedic trauma: Effects of COVID-19 pandemic in a developing nation during the upsurge: A cross-sectional study. Annals of Medicine and Surgery. 2020;60:504-8.
Loeb AE, Rao SS, Ficke JR, Morris CD, Riley III LH, Levin AS. Departmental experience and lessons learned with accelerated introduction of telemedicine during the COVID-19 crisis. J Am Acad Orthop Surg.2020 Apr 14. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-20-00380.
Rodrigues-Pinto R, Sousa R, Oliveira A. Preparing to perform trauma and Orthopaedic surgery on patients with COVID-19. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2020 Apr 10. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.20.00454.
Shoaib M, Abdullah F. Risk Reduction of COVID-19 Pandemic in Pakistan. Social work in public health.2020;35(7):557-68.
Randelli PS, Compagnoni R. Management of orthopaedic and traumatology patients during the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in northern Italy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020:1–7.
Awad ME, Rumley JC, Vazquez JA, Devine JG. Perioperative Considerations in Urgent Surgical Care of Suspected and Confirmed COVID-19 Orthopaedic Patients: Operating Room Protocols and Recommendations in the Current COVID-19 Pandemic. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2020 ;28(11):451-63.
Mukhtar S. Preparedness and proactive infection control measures of Pakistan during COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2021 Jan; 17(1): 2052.Published online. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.011.
Parvizi J, Gehrke T, Krueger CA, Chisari E, Citak M, Van Onsem S, et al.Resuming elective orthopaedic surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: Guidelines developed by the International consensus group (ICM). J Bon Joint Surg Am. 2020;102(14):1205.
Russell CD, Millar JE, Baillie JK. Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for 2019-nCoV lung injury. The Lancet. 2020;395(10223):473-5.
Khoshbin A, Leroux T, Wasserstein D, Marks P, Theodoropoulos J, Ogilvie-Harris D,et al. The efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review with quantitative synthesis. Arthroscopy: 2013;29(12):2037-48.
Jain VK, Lal H, Patralekh MK, Vaishya R. Fracture management during COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review. Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma. 2020;11:S431-41.
Malhotra N, Joshi M, Datta R, Bajwa SJ, Mehdiratta L. Indian society of anaesthesiologists (ISA national) advisory and position statement regarding COVID-19. Indian J Anaesth.2020;64:259-63.
Ti LK, Ang LS, Foong TW, Ng BS. What we do when a COVID-19 patient needs an operation: operating room preparation and guidance. Can J Anaesth 2020 ;67(6):756-758.
Prakash L, Dhar SA, Mushtaq M. COVID-19 in the operating room: A review of evolving safety protocols. Patient Saf Surg. 2020;14:30 Doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13037-020-00254-6.
Yeh HC, Turner RS, Jones RK, Muggenburg BA, Lundgren DL, Smith JP. Characterization of aerosols produced during surgical procedures in hospitals. Aerosol Science and Technology. 1995;22(2):151-61.
Wax RS, Christian MD. Practical recommendations for critical care and anesthesiology teams caring for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) patients. Practical recommendations for critical care and anesthesiology teams caring for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) patients. Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth.2020; 67:568-576.
Massey PA, McClary K, Zhang AS, Savoie FH, Barton RS. Orthopaedic Surgical Selection and Inpatient Paradigms During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2020 Apr 15 : doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-20-00360.
De Phillipo NN, Larson CM, O’Neill OR, La Prade RF. Guidelines for ambulatory surgery centers for the care of surgically necessary/time-sensitive Orthopaedic cases during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2020;102(11):933-936.